################################################################################################# # START PROCESSWIRE HTACCESS DIRECTIVES # @version 3.0 # @htaccessVersion 301 ################################################################################################# # # Upgrading htaccess (or index) version 300 to 301 # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # If you never modified your previous .htaccess file, then you can simply replace it with this # one. If you have modified your .htaccess file, then you will want to copy/paste some updates # to the old one instead: # If your htaccess/index version is 300, upgrade to this version by replacing all of sections #5 # and #15 (Access Restrictions). Also take a look at section #9, which you might also consider # replacing if using HTTPS, though it is not required. (For instance, HSTS might be worthwhile) # # Following that, optionally review the rest of the file to see if there are any other changes # you also want to apply. Sections tagged "(v301)" are new or have significant changes. # # When finished, add a line at the top identical to the "htaccessVersion 301" that you see at # the top of this file. This tells ProcessWire your .htaccess file is up-to-date. # # Resolving 500 errors # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Depending on your server, some htaccess rules may not be compatible and result in a 500 error. # If you experience this, find all instances of the term "(500)" in this file for suggestions on # things you can change to resolve 500 errors. # # Optional features # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Many of the rules in this .htaccess file are optional and commented out by default. While the # defaults are okay for many, you may want to review each section in this .htaccess file for # optional rules that you can enable to increase security, speed or best practices. To quickly # locate all optional rules, search this file for all instances of "(O)". # # If using a load balancer # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # If using a load balancer (like those available from AWS) some htaccess rules will need to # change. Search this file for instances of "(L)" for details. # # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # 1. Apache Options # # Note: If you experience a (500) error, it may indicate your host does not allow setting one or # more of these options. First try replacing the +FollowSymLinks with +SymLinksifOwnerMatch. # If that does not work, try commenting them all out, then uncommenting one at a time to # determine which one is the source of the 500 error. # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Do not show directory indexes (strongly recommended) Options -Indexes # Do not use multiviews (v301) Options -MultiViews # Do follow symbolic links Options +FollowSymLinks # Options +SymLinksifOwnerMatch # Character encoding: Serve text/html or text/plain as UTF-8 AddDefaultCharset UTF-8 # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # 2. ErrorDocument settings: Have ProcessWire handle 404s # # For options and optimizations (O) see: # https://processwire.com/blog/posts/optimizing-404s-in-processwire/ # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ErrorDocument 404 /index.php # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # 3. Handle request for missing favicon.ico/robots.txt files (no ending quote for Apache 1.3) # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ErrorDocument 404 "The requested file favicon.ico was not found. ErrorDocument 404 "The requested file robots.txt was not found. # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # 4. Protect from XSS with Apache headers # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # prevent site from being loaded in an iframe on another site # you will need to remove this one if you want to allow external iframes Header always append X-Frame-Options SAMEORIGIN # To prevent cross site scripting (IE8+ proprietary) Header set X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block" # Optionally (O) prevent mime-based attacks via content sniffing (IE+Chrome) # Header set X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff" # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # 5. Prevent access to various types of files (v301) # # Note that some of these rules are duplicated by RewriteRules or other .htaccess files, as we # try to maintain two layers of protection when/where possible. # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # 5A. Block access to inc, info, info.json/php, module/php, sh, sql and composer files # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Require all denied Order allow,deny # 5B. Block bak, conf, dist, ini, log, orig, sh, sql, swo, swp, ~, and more # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Require all denied Order allow,deny # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # 6. Override a few PHP settings that can't be changed at runtime (not required) # Note: try commenting out this entire section below if getting Apache (500) errors. # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- php_flag magic_quotes_gpc off php_flag magic_quotes_sybase off php_flag register_globals off # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # 7. Set default directory index files # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- DirectoryIndex index.php index.html index.htm # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # 8. Enable Apache mod_rewrite (required) # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- RewriteEngine On # 8A. Optionally (O) set a rewrite base if rewrites are not working properly on your server. # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # In addition, if your site directory starts with a "~" you will most likely have to use this. # https://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewritebase # Examples of RewriteBase (root and subdirectories): # RewriteBase / # RewriteBase /pw/ # RewriteBase /~user/ # 8B. Set an environment variable so the installer can detect that mod_rewrite is active. # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Note that some web hosts don't support this. If you get a (500) error, try commenting out this # SetEnv line below. SetEnv HTTP_MOD_REWRITE On # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # 9. Optionally Force HTTPS (O) # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Note that on some web hosts you may need to replace %{HTTPS} with %{ENV:HTTPS} in order # for it to work (in sections 9A and 9D below). If on a load balancer or proxy setup, you will # likely need to use 9B rather than 9A, and 9E rather than 9D. # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # 9A. To redirect HTTP requests to HTTPS, uncomment the lines below (also see note above): # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # RewriteCond %{HTTPS} !=on # RewriteRule (.*) https://%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI} [L,R=301] # 9B. If using load balancer/AWS or behind proxy, use the following rather than 9A above: (L) # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # RewriteCond %{HTTP:X-Forwarded-Proto} =http # RewriteRule (.*) https://%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI} [L,R=301] # 9C. If using cPanel AutoSSL or Let's Encrypt webroot you may need to MOVE one of the below # lines after the first RewriteCond in 9A or 9B to allow certificate validation: # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/\.well-known/acme-challenge/ # RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/\.well-known/cpanel-dcv/[\w-]+$ # RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/\.well-known/pki-validation/[A-F0-9]{32}\.txt(?:\ Comodo\ DCV)?$ # 9D. Store current scheme in a 'proto' environment variable for later use # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- RewriteCond %{HTTPS} =on RewriteRule ^ - [env=proto:https] RewriteCond %{HTTPS} !=on RewriteRule ^ - [env=proto:http] # 9E. If using load balancer/AWS or behind proxy, use lines below rather than 9D: (L) # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # RewriteCond %{HTTP:X-Forwarded-Proto} =https # RewriteRule ^ - [env=proto:https] # RewriteCond %{HTTP:X-Forwarded-Proto} =http # RewriteRule ^ - [env=proto:http] # 9F. Tell web browsers to only allow access via HSTS: Strict-Transport-Security (O) (v301) # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # This forces client-side SSL redirection. Before enabling be absolutely certain you can # always serve via HTTPS because it becomes non-revokable for the duration of your max-age. # See link below for details and options (note 'max-age=31536000' is 1-year): # https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Strict-Transport-Security # Uncomment one (1) line below & adjust as needed to enable Strict-Transport-Security (HSTS): # Header always set Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=31536000;" # Header always set Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=31536000; includeSubdomains" # Header always set Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=31536000; preload" # Header always set Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload" # Section 10 intentionally omitted for future use # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # 11. Nuisance blocking/firewall # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # None of these are enabled by default, but are here for convenience when the need arises. # Review and uncomment as needed. For more complete firewall (and more overhead), the 7G firewall # (or latest version) is worth considering, see: https://perishablepress.com/7g-firewall/ # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # 11A. Block via IP addresses # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Note that IP addresses here are examples only and should be replaced with actual IPs. # Block single IP address # Deny from 111.222.333.444 # Block multiple IP addresses # Deny from 111.222.333.444 44.33.22.11 # Block IP address ranges (999.88.*, 99.88.77.*, 1.2.3.*) # Deny from 999.888 99.88.77 1.2.3 # 11B. Block via request URI (matches strings anywhere in request URL) # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} (bad-word|wp-admin|wp-content) [NC] # RewriteRule .* - [F,L] # 11B. Block via user agent strings (matches strings anywhere in user-agent) # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} (bad-bot|mean-bot) [NC] # RewriteRule .* - [F,L] # 11C. Block via remote hosts # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # RewriteCond %{REMOTE_HOST} (bad-host|annoying-host) [NC] # RewriteRule .* - [F,L] # 11D. Block via HTTP referrer (matches anywhere in referrer URL) # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} (bad-referrer|gross-referrer) [NC] # RewriteRule .* - [F,L] # 11E. Block unneeded request methods (only if you do not need them) # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # RewriteCond %{REQUEST_METHOD} ^(connect|debug|delete|move|put|trace|track) [NC] # RewriteRule .* - [F,L] # 11F. Limit file upload size from Apache (i.e. 10240000=10 MB, adjust as needed) # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # LimitRequestBody 10240000 # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # 12. Access Restrictions: Keep web users out of dirs or files that begin with a period, # but let services like Lets Encrypt use the webroot authentication method. # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- RewriteRule "(^|/)\.(?!well-known)" - [F] # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # 13. Optional domain redirects (O) # # Redirect domain.com to www.domain.com redirect (or www to domain.com redirect). # To use, uncomment either 13A, 13B or 13C. Do not use more than one of them. 13A and 13B # redirect non-www hosts to www.domain.com, 13C redirects www.domain.com host to domain.com. # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # 13A. Redirect domain.com and *.domain.com to www.domain.com (see also 13B as alternate): # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^www\. [NC] # RewriteCond %{SERVER_ADDR} !=127.0.0.1 # RewriteCond %{SERVER_ADDR} !=::1 # RewriteRule ^ %{ENV:PROTO}://www.%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI} [L,R=301] # 13B. Alternate www redirect if 13A does not work for your server: # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^www\. [NC] # RewriteRule ^ %{ENV:PROTO}://www.%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI} [L,R=301] # 13C. Redirect www.domain.com to domain.com (do not combine with 13A or 13B): # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www\.(.+)$ [NC] # RewriteRule ^ %{ENV:PROTO}://%1%{REQUEST_URI} [R=301,L] # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # 14. Optionally send URLs with non-ASCII name-format characters to 404 page (optimization). # # This ensures that ProcessWire does not spend time processing URLs that we know ahead of time # are going to result in 404s. Uncomment lines below to enable. (O) # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} "[^-_.a-zA-Z0-9/~]" # RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f # RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d # RewriteRule ^(.*)$ index.php?it=/http404/ [L,QSA] # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # 15. Access Restrictions (v301) # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # 15A. Keep http requests out of specific files and directories # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Prevent all the following rules from blocking images in site install directories RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !(^|/)site-[^/]+/install/[^/]+\.(jpg|jpeg|png|gif|webp|svg)$ # Block access to any htaccess files RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} (^|/)(\.htaccess|htaccess\..*)$ [NC,OR] # Block access to various assets directories RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} (^|/)(site|site-[^/]+)/assets/(cache|logs|backups|sessions|config|install|tmp)($|/.*$) [NC,OR] # Block access to the /site/install/ directories RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} (^|/)(site|site-[^/]+)/install($|/.*$) [NC,OR] # Block dirs in /site/assets/dirs that start with a hyphen (see config.pagefileSecure) RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} (^|/)(site|site-[^/]+)/assets.*/-.+/.* [NC,OR] # Block access to /wire/config.php, /site/config.php, /site/config-dev.php, /wire/index.config.php, etc. RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} (^|/)(wire|site|site-[^/]+)/(config|index\.config|config-dev)\.php($|/) [NC,OR] # Block access to any PHP-based files in /site/templates-admin/ or /wire/templates-admin/ RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} (^|/)(wire|site|site-[^/]+)/templates-admin($|/|/.*\.(php|html?|tpl|inc))($|/) [NC,OR] # Block access to any PHP or markup files in /site/templates/ or /site-*/templates/ RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} (^|/)(site|site-[^/]+)/templates($|/|/.*\.(php|html?|tpl|inc))($|/) [NC,OR] # Block access to any files in /site/classes/ or /site-*/classes/ RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} (^|/)(site|site-[^/]+)/classes($|/.*) [NC,OR] # Block access to any PHP files within /site/assets/ and further RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} (^|/)(site|site-[^/]+)/assets($|/|/.*\.ph(p|ps|tml|p[0-9]))($|/) [NC,OR] # Block access to any PHP, module, inc or info files in core or core modules directories RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} (^|/)wire/(core|modules)/.*\.(php|inc|tpl|module|info\.json)($|/) [NC,OR] # Block access to any PHP, tpl or info.json files in /site/modules/ or /site-*/modules/ RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} (^|/)(site|site-[^/]+)/modules/.*\.(php|inc|tpl|module|info\.json)$ [NC,OR] # Block access to any software identifying txt, markdown or textile files RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} (^|/)(COPYRIGHT|INSTALL|README|LICENSE|htaccess)\.(txt|md|textile)$ [NC,OR] # Block potential arbitrary backup files within site directories for things like config RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} (^|/)(site|site-[^/]+)/(config[^/]*/?|[^/]+\.php.*)$ [NC,OR] # Block access throughout to temporary files ending with tilde created by certain editors RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} \.(html?|inc|json|lock|module|php|py|rb|sh|sql|tpl|tmpl|twig)~$ [NC,OR] # Block access to names of potential backup file extensions within wire or site directories RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} (^|/)(wire/|site[-/]).+\.(bak|old|sql|sw[op]|(bak|php|sql)[./]+.*)[\d.]*$ [NC,OR] # Block all http access to the default/uninstalled site-default directory RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} (^|/)site-default/ # If any conditions above match, issue a 403 forbidden RewriteRule ^.*$ - [F,L] # 15B. Block archive file types commonly used for backup purposes (O) # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # This blocks requests for zip, rar, tar, gz, and tgz files that are sometimes left on servers # as backup files, and thus can be problematic for security. This rule blocks those files # unless they are located within the /site/assets/files/ directory. This is not enabled by # default since there are many legitimate use cases for these files, so uncomment the lines # below if you want to enable this. # RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} \.(zip|rar|tar|gz|tgz)$ [NC] # RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !(^|/)(site|site-[^/]+)/assets/files/\d+/ [NC] # RewriteRule ^.*$ - [F,L] # PW-PAGENAME # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # 16A. Ensure that the URL follows the name-format specification required by PW # See also directive 16b below, you should choose and use either 16a or 16b. # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} "^/~?[-_.a-zA-Z0-9/]*$" # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # 16B. Alternative name-format specification for UTF8 page name support. (O) # If used, comment out section 16a above and uncomment the directive below. If you have updated # your $config->pageNameWhitelist make the characters below consistent with that. # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} "^/~?[-_./a-zA-Z0-9æåäßöüđжхцчшщюяàáâèéëêěìíïîõòóôøùúûůñçčćďĺľńňŕřšťýžабвгдеёзийклмнопрстуфыэęąśłżź]*$" # END-PW-PAGENAME # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # 17. If the request is for a file or directory that physically exists on the server, # then don't give control to ProcessWire, and instead load the file # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !(favicon\.ico|robots\.txt) # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # 18. Optionally (O) prevent PW from attempting to serve images or anything in /site/assets/. # Both of these lines are optional, but can help to reduce server load. However, they # are not compatible with the $config->pagefileSecure option (if enabled) and they # may produce an Apache 404 rather than your regular 404. You may uncomment the two lines # below if you don't need to use the $config->pagefileSecure option. After uncommenting, test # a URL like domain.com/site/assets/files/test.jpg to make sure you are getting a 404 and not # your homepage. If getting your homepage, then either: do not use this option, or comment out # section #2 above that makes ProcessWire the 404 handler. # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !\.(jpg|jpeg|gif|png|ico|webp|svg)$ [NC] # RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !(^|/)site/assets/ # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # 19. Pass control to ProcessWire if all the above directives allow us to this point. # For regular VirtualHosts (most installs) # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- RewriteRule ^(.*)$ index.php?it=$1 [L,QSA] # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # 20. If using VirtualDocumentRoot (500): comment out the one above and use this one instead # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # RewriteRule ^(.*)$ /index.php?it=$1 [L,QSA] ################################################################################################# # END PROCESSWIRE HTACCESS DIRECTIVES #################################################################################################